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‎NETFLIX 紀錄片系列

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‎要找一群怪異的生物組合…

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‎來看有袋類動物就對了

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‎這群身上有袋子的奇異哺乳動物

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‎看起來可能有點怪

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‎但可別小看牠們

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‎牠們擁有超乎想像的超能力
‎與驚人的適應能力

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‎牠們已征服了一個大陸

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‎劇名：有袋類動物

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‎這些高空山谷
‎住著一種知名的有袋類動物

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‎（澳大利亞阿爾卑斯山脈
‎維多利亞）

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‎東部灰大袋鼠

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‎今天，一隻袋鼠要來到這個世界

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‎袋鼠寶寶出生時都是一個樣

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‎只不過是個胚胎

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‎眼睛看不見，後肢幾乎沒長出來

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‎牠必須往上爬
‎相當於自己身高六倍的高度

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‎要爬到哪？

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‎媽媽的袋子

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‎袋子能讓小袋鼠保暖

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‎進食

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‎保持安全

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‎直到牠準備出來

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‎往前快轉六個月

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‎東部灰小袋鼠第一次看到了這個世界

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‎知道自己是團體的一員

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‎俗稱袋鼠幫

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‎媽媽和幾隻母袋鼠

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‎讓老大小心地保護著

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‎那是牠爸爸

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‎小袋鼠即將發現父親成功的秘訣

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‎肌肉發達

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‎不斷地展示炫耀

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‎挑戰者出現了

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‎要奪取爸爸的交配權

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‎牠們會展現自己的能力…

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‎尿液

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‎還有在身上抓一抓

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‎肢體語言傳達了“我能打敗你”

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‎“但你不會想要這樣”

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‎“不”

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‎看起來有效

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‎下次再見

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‎有一天，小袋鼠會嘗試

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‎變成袋鼠王

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‎如果能活那麼久的話

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‎這山谷也是一群澳洲野犬的家

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‎牠們的專長是捕捉袋鼠

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‎澳洲野犬的速度很快，時速有40公里

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‎但袋鼠時速有64公里！

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‎野犬會尋找落單的袋鼠

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‎但這次運氣不好

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‎小袋鼠暫時可以
‎安逸地待在媽媽的袋子裡

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‎這只是簡單的一層皮

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‎卻讓有袋類動物

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‎數百萬年來占得優勢

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‎有袋類動物最初與恐龍一起出現

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‎在一塊遠古的超大陸

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‎如今，在多數地方

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‎胎盤哺乳類動物
‎已經超越了有袋類動物

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‎但美洲有一些負鼠還存活著

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‎包括南猊

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‎這一科動物最後存活的成員

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‎如今四分之三的有袋類動物
‎都是由此而來

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‎專家認為，超大陸分裂時

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‎這個活化石的近親流落到了外島

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‎隔離在當今的澳洲

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‎幾乎沒有其他哺乳類動物與之競爭

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‎這群負鼠先驅的後代
‎在這片生機勃勃的土地上繁衍生息

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‎（紅大袋鼠）

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‎隨著時間演變出兩百個物種

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‎（灰大袋鼠）

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‎（麝袋鼠）

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‎各有一個很棒的名字

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‎（長鼻袋鼠）

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‎（袋熊）

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‎每個物種的習性都很特殊

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‎（岩袋鼠）

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‎（短尾矮袋鼠）

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‎大多是夜行動物

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‎（斑尾虎鼬）

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‎（狹足袋鼩）

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‎食蟲動物

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‎或素食動物

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‎（無尾熊）

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‎但有些體型變大了

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‎變得更凶殘

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‎開始吃起肉來

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‎拍攝於1936年

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‎袋狼，又稱為塔斯馬尼亞虎

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‎曾是澳洲的頂級掠食者

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‎這是袋狼最後留下的身影

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‎之後就遭居民和賞金獵人消滅殆盡

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‎如今只剩少數的
‎有袋類肉食動物存活下來

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‎最大的一種動物
‎潛伏在澳洲大陸最荒野的角落

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‎傳說中的野獸

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‎聲名狼藉

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‎袋獾

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‎（搖籃山，塔斯馬尼亞）

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‎小袋獾可能表現得很強悍

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‎但可能是焦慮多過於暴躁

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‎牠跟所有袋獾一樣偏愛黑暗

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‎牠才八個月大，最近才離開媽媽

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‎之後就沒多少食物可吃

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‎若情況不盡快改善
‎牠很有可能無法長大成人

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‎最大的問題是什麼？

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‎其他的袋獾

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‎小袋獾無法跟大袋獾競爭

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‎兩隻成年的袋獾在爭奪一具屍體

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‎但牠可以在牠們打架的時候…

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‎趁機偷吃個點心

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‎牠得吃快一點

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‎免得惹禍上身

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‎牠只能盼望可以撿剩菜來吃

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‎但袋獾一餐可吃掉
‎自己重量一半的食物

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‎大概有得等了

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‎天亮了，耐心等待有了回報

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‎算是吧

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‎只剩皮膚和骨頭，但小袋獾沒得挑剔

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‎袋獾確實偶爾會獵食

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‎但吃腐肉也很不錯

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‎有袋類動物能吃別人不吃的食物
‎這個特質讓牠們征服了一整個大陸

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‎（袋鼠島，南澳洲）

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‎尤加利樹占澳洲原生森林的四分之三

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‎它們的葉子有劇毒

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‎幾乎所有生物都不能吃

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‎但有種知名的有袋類動物找到了方法

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‎來利用這個豐富的資源

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‎這隻無尾熊媽媽看似有點睏倦

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‎但牠得餵養小寶寶

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‎牠的身體不斷在消化食物

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‎牠的腸道內有特殊的混合微生物

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‎能中和那些會讓人昏迷的毒物

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‎但無尾熊並非天生
‎就有這麼強的消化能力

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‎這要後天培養

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‎因此寶寶的食物是奶和糞便的混合物

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‎黏黏的糞便能提供牠所需要的細菌

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‎即使不必擔心毒素
‎無尾熊必須耗費所有的精力

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‎來分解這些低養分的葉子

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‎難怪牠們九成的時間都在睡覺

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‎但並非所有的有袋類動物
‎生活都這麼悠閒

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‎（阿瑟頓高地，昆士蘭）

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‎這是大自然的高處跳傘員

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‎蜜袋鼯

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‎這隻手掌大的負鼠

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‎一次跳躍能滑過半個足球場的距離

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‎牠的生活節奏很快
‎吃的是甜甜的樹汁

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‎但牠的牙齒太小，割不破厚厚的樹皮

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‎該去拜訪重量級的表親了

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‎黃腹袋鼯

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‎牠們的下巴強而有力
‎再硬的樹皮都咬得破

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‎黃腹袋鼯飽餐一頓後

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‎小傢伙抓住了機會

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‎但袋鼯是社交動物

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‎越來越多的袋鼯來共襄盛舉了

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‎這麼多的不速之客是很難忽視的

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‎黃腹袋鼯受夠了

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‎不是打架

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‎就是飛奔而逃

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‎這對蜜袋鼯是個簡單的選擇

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‎回到澳大利亞阿爾卑斯山脈
‎小袋鼠現在是大寶寶了

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‎九個月大，準備進入成年

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‎還差一點點啦

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‎再來的幾個月
‎牠會繼續在媽媽的袋子裡進出

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‎跟隨父親的腳步

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‎牠在努力塑造硬漢的形象

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‎還有跟媽媽對打

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‎幸好媽媽很逆來順受

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‎媽媽會容忍到寶寶一歲半

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‎之後牠就得自食其力

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‎力爭上游

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‎因為只有袋鼠幫老大能交配

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‎現在的老大是爸爸

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‎雄袋鼠的對手回來了

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‎時候到了，該一決雌雄了

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‎打鬥很殘酷

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‎有時還會致命

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‎擊敗對手了

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‎爸爸領取獎賞

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‎袋鼠求愛的小戲碼

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‎牠愛撫對方

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‎嗅對方

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‎都得到很好的回應

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‎看來小袋鼠很快就有弟妹了

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‎但到時候

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‎媽媽的袋子就不能保護牠了

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‎之後，牠就得靠自己的速度了

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‎在澳洲廣闊沙漠內陸生存的挑戰

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‎造就了速度最快的有袋類動物

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‎紅大袋鼠

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‎（福爾斯，新南威爾斯）

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‎紅大袋鼠的名稱
‎源自於雄性獨特的毛皮

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‎牠們同時也是世上最大的有袋類動物

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‎這裡的食物來源相當稀少

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‎水源更是罕見

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‎因此紅大袋鼠必須
‎不斷轉移陣地才能生存

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‎牠們一輩子都在追逐雨水

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00:23:45,257 --> 00:23:48,468
‎紅大袋鼠一次跳躍可達八公尺

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‎牠們的後腿腱就像一對大型彈簧

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‎每次跳躍可循環利用高達七成的能量

201
00:24:11,366 --> 00:24:16,163
‎這樣節奏性的跳躍
‎也讓更多的氧氣通過肺部

202
00:24:20,041 --> 00:24:23,295
‎讓牠們以時速48公里的速度奔馳

203
00:24:46,401 --> 00:24:48,695
‎速度快，效率又高

204
00:24:48,778 --> 00:24:52,324
‎紅大袋鼠經常長途跋涉

205
00:24:55,660 --> 00:24:58,497
‎抵達翠綠的地方後

206
00:25:01,124 --> 00:25:05,754
‎牠們會從植物裡
‎攝取大部分所需的水分

207
00:25:10,467 --> 00:25:13,678
‎之後幾個禮拜都不喝水

208
00:25:16,389 --> 00:25:18,767
‎紅大袋鼠具備驚人的特長

209
00:25:18,850 --> 00:25:22,479
‎得以在澳洲乾旱地區茁壯成長

210
00:25:24,022 --> 00:25:27,526
‎但有袋類動物
‎大都住在水源穩定的地方

211
00:25:37,744 --> 00:25:41,248
‎沙大袋鼠是紅大袋鼠的小表親

212
00:25:46,127 --> 00:25:50,048
‎牠們在澳洲北部的
‎死水潭和溪流附近吃草

213
00:25:52,884 --> 00:25:56,179
‎必須定期到溪邊喝水

214
00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:12,404
‎灣鱷會獵食口渴的動物

215
00:26:19,035 --> 00:26:22,581
‎（赫洛溪，昆士蘭）

216
00:26:25,625 --> 00:26:30,880
‎這個宿敵自恐龍時期
‎就在這些水域出沒

217
00:27:09,377 --> 00:27:12,756
‎有集體的警覺與快速的反應

218
00:27:14,841 --> 00:27:18,720
‎沙大袋鼠通常都能逃過一劫

219
00:27:25,518 --> 00:27:29,147
‎牠們有幾百萬年的時間
‎來適應這種危險

220
00:27:30,357 --> 00:27:33,777
‎但現在有袋類動物面臨了新的威脅

221
00:27:34,319 --> 00:27:36,237
‎讓牠們難以招架

222
00:27:43,119 --> 00:27:48,708
‎兩百年前
‎人類將新的掠食者引進澳洲

223
00:27:51,461 --> 00:27:56,132
‎野貓一年殺死近15億隻當地的動物

224
00:28:00,387 --> 00:28:06,351
‎有22種有袋類動物已經絕種
‎野貓是重要的因素

225
00:28:17,028 --> 00:28:20,907
‎兔耳袋狸同樣面臨絕種的威脅

226
00:28:26,121 --> 00:28:30,542
‎這種羞怯的生物
‎依賴敏銳的感官在夜間穿梭

227
00:28:32,585 --> 00:28:38,174
‎牠們的鼻子很長
‎可在黑暗中嗅出種子和水果

228
00:28:43,388 --> 00:28:46,182
‎超大的耳朵能幫助偵測危險

229
00:28:53,565 --> 00:28:56,818
‎但牠們不像貓那樣敏捷快速

230
00:29:01,990 --> 00:29:06,244
‎兔耳袋狸之前八成的活動範圍
‎如今已不見牠們的蹤影

231
00:29:07,495 --> 00:29:11,708
‎有些荒野地區現在有防貓柵欄保護

232
00:29:16,379 --> 00:29:17,630
‎在這裡

233
00:29:17,714 --> 00:29:19,799
‎兔耳袋狸的數量與日俱增

234
00:29:25,513 --> 00:29:30,643
‎但有袋類動物面臨的最大威脅
‎其實更難控制

235
00:29:32,896 --> 00:29:34,147
‎近年來

236
00:29:34,230 --> 00:29:39,694
‎澳洲自然森林大火的
‎破壞程度超越了過往

237
00:29:48,286 --> 00:29:53,249
‎氣候變遷表示，偶發的火災
‎已成為常態的風暴性大火

238
00:30:11,643 --> 00:30:16,773
‎幾乎每年都有成千上萬的無尾熊
‎和其他有袋類動物死亡

239
00:30:28,493 --> 00:30:29,702
‎火災過後

240
00:30:31,204 --> 00:30:33,873
‎萬物看似無一倖免

241
00:30:46,678 --> 00:30:50,098
‎但尤加利樹有厚厚的樹皮保護

242
00:30:51,182 --> 00:30:55,353
‎大火過後，幾週內就恢復了生機

243
00:31:01,234 --> 00:31:04,404
‎不久，在整個澳洲

244
00:31:05,446 --> 00:31:07,699
‎倖存者開始反擊

245
00:31:20,670 --> 00:31:23,089
‎無尾熊的繁殖季節到了

246
00:31:23,172 --> 00:31:26,384
‎這種嗜睡的動物正蓄勢待發

247
00:31:34,058 --> 00:31:36,978
‎雄性無尾熊的叫聲能傳到幾公里外

248
00:31:50,366 --> 00:31:52,285
‎廣播牠的位置

249
00:31:54,662 --> 00:31:56,497
‎炫耀牠的體型

250
00:32:00,209 --> 00:32:02,337
‎這是對雌性的邀請

251
00:32:08,092 --> 00:32:09,469
‎有回應了

252
00:32:11,763 --> 00:32:13,681
‎但不是牠想要的

253
00:32:19,187 --> 00:32:21,522
‎雄性之間的爭端很罕見

254
00:32:26,486 --> 00:32:29,113
‎情況很快就變得很難看

255
00:32:54,764 --> 00:32:56,474
‎打敗了對手

256
00:33:00,103 --> 00:33:02,480
‎繼續找雌性無尾熊吧

257
00:33:13,324 --> 00:33:16,911
‎牠的情歌終於被聽到了

258
00:33:29,924 --> 00:33:32,427
‎但雌性不急著要交配

259
00:33:37,473 --> 00:33:40,727
‎但真正要生孩子時

260
00:33:41,310 --> 00:33:42,979
‎無尾熊會速戰速決

261
00:33:43,730 --> 00:33:46,566
‎35天後，小無尾熊就誕生了

262
00:33:48,818 --> 00:33:50,445
‎只要雄性得逞的話

263
00:33:58,703 --> 00:34:01,831
‎這麼快速的繁殖，幫助了有袋類動物

264
00:34:01,914 --> 00:34:06,419
‎開拓大陸的每個角落
‎無論是多極端的環境

265
00:34:09,172 --> 00:34:12,842
‎（臥如龍雨林，昆士蘭北部）

266
00:34:14,302 --> 00:34:17,889
‎這是澳洲的參天大樹

267
00:34:19,389 --> 00:34:24,103
‎你可能會好奇
‎小袋鼠在這裡做什麼？

268
00:34:30,485 --> 00:34:33,112
‎不過牠是樹袋鼠

269
00:34:35,572 --> 00:34:39,118
‎牠的祖先在平原上進化

270
00:34:40,786 --> 00:34:46,125
‎但六百萬年前
‎一隻勇敢的袋鼠爬上了樹

271
00:34:47,043 --> 00:34:50,922
‎慢慢地，但抱著遲疑的態度

272
00:34:51,005 --> 00:34:54,217
‎牠的後代開始以樹冠為家

273
00:35:01,849 --> 00:35:04,185
‎牠們長出更強健的前肢

274
00:35:04,894 --> 00:35:06,562
‎更彎曲的爪子

275
00:35:07,063 --> 00:35:10,316
‎和比一般袋鼠更短的後肢

276
00:35:17,156 --> 00:35:20,368
‎但進化是個緩慢的過程

277
00:35:21,035 --> 00:35:26,290
‎跟其他樹棲動物相比
‎牠們的姿態並不優雅

278
00:35:29,877 --> 00:35:31,879
‎這還只是成年的樹袋鼠

279
00:35:36,968 --> 00:35:42,014
‎待在袋子裡七個月後
‎小樹袋鼠該獨自行動了

280
00:35:50,273 --> 00:35:51,899
‎沒有經驗

281
00:35:52,567 --> 00:35:53,818
‎能力不足

282
00:35:54,318 --> 00:35:55,945
‎處在七層樓高

283
00:36:12,420 --> 00:36:14,255
‎媽媽只能看著

284
00:37:00,343 --> 00:37:04,222
‎但袋鼠之神在眷顧著小樹袋鼠

285
00:37:08,768 --> 00:37:11,520
‎只要運氣不錯

286
00:37:12,104 --> 00:37:15,858
‎牠會在媽媽的照顧下，再度過一年

287
00:37:24,659 --> 00:37:30,248
‎但有袋類動物終有一天
‎都得離開保護袋

288
00:37:44,470 --> 00:37:50,017
‎小袋鼠現在15個月大
‎牠往前邁進了一大步

289
00:37:52,436 --> 00:37:55,564
‎整天都在跟同儕對打

290
00:38:07,076 --> 00:38:09,787
‎媽媽的袋子已經被人占領了

291
00:38:11,539 --> 00:38:12,707
‎是牠的妹妹

292
00:38:16,294 --> 00:38:20,715
‎牠才六個月大，還沒離開過袋子

293
00:38:31,058 --> 00:38:34,353
‎但這個山谷不只袋鼠有小孩

294
00:38:41,944 --> 00:38:46,032
‎野犬已經離開小狗去打獵了

295
00:38:55,666 --> 00:39:01,672
‎大約三千五百年前
‎早期人類殖民者把野犬帶進澳洲

296
00:39:08,262 --> 00:39:12,850
‎從那時起
‎野犬就成了灰大袋鼠的天敵

297
00:39:23,235 --> 00:39:25,404
‎其他小孩躲了起來

298
00:39:28,074 --> 00:39:30,034
‎但這隻小袋鼠無處可去

299
00:39:39,293 --> 00:39:42,880
‎牠要是跟不上袋鼠幫，麻煩就大了

300
00:40:15,413 --> 00:40:17,581
‎野狗衝向袋鼠

301
00:40:19,375 --> 00:40:21,377
‎尋找慢郎中

302
00:40:44,817 --> 00:40:48,487
‎一個負擔沉重的媽媽落在後面

303
00:41:02,168 --> 00:41:03,878
‎野犬逼近

304
00:41:37,620 --> 00:41:41,207
‎只有不到一半的小袋鼠能長大成人

305
00:41:47,296 --> 00:41:50,883
‎但遠在山谷的另一端

306
00:41:50,966 --> 00:41:54,762
‎小袋鼠、媽媽和妹妹都倖免於難

307
00:41:58,766 --> 00:42:00,935
‎憑著開拓的精神

308
00:42:01,519 --> 00:42:03,896
‎驚人的適應力

309
00:42:04,480 --> 00:42:08,817
‎以及為數不多的競爭者

310
00:42:09,735 --> 00:42:12,863
‎澳洲的有袋類動物沉著應付了

311
00:42:12,947 --> 00:42:15,199
‎這片嚴峻土地的挑戰

312
00:42:18,827 --> 00:42:22,331
‎但是這群奇特的動物

313
00:42:22,414 --> 00:42:26,585
‎難以適應新掠食者的威脅

314
00:42:28,504 --> 00:42:31,048
‎與氣候變遷所帶來的混亂

315
00:42:40,140 --> 00:42:43,519
‎但有些人在為牠們的未來努力

316
00:42:46,480 --> 00:42:51,527
‎澳洲各地，有一群人正致力於拯救…

317
00:42:53,779 --> 00:42:55,239
‎釋放…

318
00:43:00,536 --> 00:43:03,914
‎保護最需要幫助的有袋類動物

319
00:43:17,761 --> 00:43:21,640
‎事實證明，有些物種的適應力非常好

320
00:43:22,558 --> 00:43:26,937
‎東部灰大袋鼠
‎依舊繁衍生息，數量達上百萬隻

321
00:43:28,480 --> 00:43:30,858
‎感謝袋鼠幫的力量

322
00:43:30,941 --> 00:43:33,319
‎一位盡職盡責的媽媽

323
00:43:34,278 --> 00:43:36,280
‎與那神奇的袋子

324
00:43:36,989 --> 00:43:39,825
‎小袋鼠有個很好的開始

325
00:43:41,660 --> 00:43:43,287
‎現在該長大了

326
00:43:46,749 --> 00:43:47,958
‎也許

327
00:43:49,251 --> 00:43:50,669
‎也許有一天

328
00:43:51,670 --> 00:43:54,131
‎能成為袋鼠王

329
00:44:40,219 --> 00:44:45,224
‎字幕翻譯：黃英哲