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‪NETFLIX 纪录片系列

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‪海豚身上有一种神奇之处

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‪它们看起来亲切友好

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‪却又超凡脱俗

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‪它们智慧超群

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‪且行动敏捷

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‪但我们见识到的仍然只是冰山一角

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‪现在我们可以沉浸在它们的世界中

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‪探索它们究竟有多精妙复杂

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‪我们探索得越深

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‪就越能发现它们和我们的共通之处

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‪剧名：海豚科动物

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‪（北大西洋 巴哈马群岛）

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‪（水温26摄氏度）

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‪出生在连呼吸都困难的世界里

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‪这头幼小的大西洋斑点海豚

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‪有很多海洋生存技能需要学习

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‪好在它身边有一群良师益友

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‪妈妈

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‪以及由家人和朋友组成的
‪更广泛的群体

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‪它们会帮忙教授它

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‪如何觅食

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‪以及如何躲避危险

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‪但海豚社会很复杂

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‪最大的挑战

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‪是学会如何融入其中

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‪这些温暖的浅水区域

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‪也是另一个物种的家园

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‪宽吻海豚

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‪这里可能看起是海豚妈妈
‪养育新生幼崽的完美地点

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‪但就算在这里

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‪生活也并不容易

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‪它们被跟踪了

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‪一群雄性海豚

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‪在寻找伴侣

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‪它们为了接近妈妈
‪可能会攻击小海豚

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‪更多海豚加入了追逐中

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‪当妈的为了保护幼崽 不惜拼尽全力

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‪最终

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‪海豚妈妈把它们都赶跑了

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‪但是它的孩子却不见了

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‪孤军奋战的话

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‪它的机会将非常渺茫

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‪最终和妈妈

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‪及其同伴重聚

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‪小海豚的处世之道愈发睿智

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‪但它成长的训练才刚刚开始

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‪海豚科动物是呼吸空气的哺乳动物
‪和我们一样

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‪它们的祖先曾经生活在干燥的陆地

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‪但是五千万年前

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‪它们做了一件了不起的事

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‪它们离开了陆地

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‪开始了海洋生活

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‪这一科的其中一个分支

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‪成为了巨型滤食性须鲸

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‪它们则成为了体态流线

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‪思维敏捷的掠食者

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‪当今 有超过40种海豚
‪在海洋世界中猎食

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‪从热带水域…

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‪到极地海洋

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‪就连内陆上千公里的江河中
‪都有它们的身影

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‪哪里有猎物

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‪哪里就有海豚
‪在用机智巧妙的方式捕捉它

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‪虎鲸是这一科中数量最大的成员

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‪它们可以长到9米身长

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‪七吨体重

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‪每一头每日都需要吃掉45公斤的食物

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‪这在极地冬日可不容易做到

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‪除非你知道要去哪里寻找

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‪（挪威海 科瓦罗亚岛）

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‪（水温6摄氏度）

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‪在最冷的那几个月

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‪它们最喜爱的猎物受到峡湾的庇护

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‪鲱鱼

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‪数十亿条的鲱鱼

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‪追踪到它们具体的位置

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‪并不是一件易事

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‪抓捕它们则更加困难

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‪由一位经验丰富的雌性带领

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‪虎鲸一家向巨型鱼群风暴直奔而去

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‪只要鲱鱼们保持好队形

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‪每一条都不容易单独成为目标

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‪但虎鲸自有计划

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‪通过脉冲式呼叫

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‪以及展现自己白肚皮

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‪它们把鲱鱼群赶到了浅滩

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‪在惊慌之中
‪鱼群的集结方式越来越密实

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‪直到最后

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‪虎鲸可以开始出击

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‪将尾鳍重重甩向鱼群
‪形成强大的压力波

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‪一波波足以致昏的重击

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‪等鱼被击晕之后

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‪虎鲸就可以慢慢享用大餐了

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‪海豚通过团体合作

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‪将捕猎的成功率最大化

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‪而在辽阔的海域

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‪它们的行动规模则十分壮观

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‪一群蜂拥而至的飞旋海豚

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‪超过一千条海豚的超级群体

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‪它们组成了一支
‪捕猎能力异常高效的海豚大军

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‪可以在很长一段时间内不捕食

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‪（南大西洋 费尔南多迪诺罗尼亚）

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‪（水温26摄氏度）

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‪在巴西东海岸320多公里处

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‪这片群岛是飞旋海豚

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‪最喜爱的落脚之处

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‪它们游向群岛的浅滩海湾

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‪最先到达的那群兴致很高

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‪海豚家族里的奥运会体操队员

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‪它们可以跳出水面三米之高

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‪并旋转七周

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‪看起来很有趣

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‪但这些杂技动作
‪被认为还有更深层的意义

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‪或许它们在沟通

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‪在向其他进入海湾的海豚致意

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‪群体增大带来了安全感

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‪飞旋海豚可以放松一些了

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‪但是它们也不能完全睡死过去

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‪不然就会被淹死

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‪所以它们每次会先关闭一边的大脑

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‪睁着一只眼 好知道自己前进的方向

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‪以一半的速度边睡边游

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‪年长的海豚休息时

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‪年轻的海豚开始嬉戏玩耍起来

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‪一种接海草的游戏

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‪看起来很简单

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‪但是玩法却出人意料地复杂

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‪操控物体

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‪有样学样 更重要的是

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‪了解彼此

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‪一种小海豚在成长过程中

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‪必须要掌握的技能

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‪（北大西洋 巴哈马群岛）

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‪（水温26摄氏度）

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‪一岁大的时候

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‪大西洋斑点海豚幼崽
‪基本可以流畅地掌握海豚语言了

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‪很多事情都可以通过
‪身体语言与抚摸来交流

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‪摩擦彼此的鳍表示安心

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‪就像握手一样

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‪但有些事情只能通过声音来表达

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‪它的妈妈在重复一种独特的呼叫

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‪海豚妈妈的专属口哨

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‪这会帮助它在众多同伴中
‪找到自己的妈妈

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‪等到它学会之后

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‪就可以通过名字呼唤妈妈了

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‪现在是时候体验一下自己的口哨了

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‪就像人类小孩一样

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‪海豚需要数年时间才能学会语言功能

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‪它们一旦开始表达

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‪就成了小话痨

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‪但海豚的声呐技能
‪可不仅仅是为了表达

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‪当地宽吻海豚在海底寻找食物

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‪表面上貌似没有什么

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‪但是我们看不到的 它们可以

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‪它们会发射出一串高频率的咔嗒声

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‪一秒钟可达500下

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‪然后再通过解读回声

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‪锁定藏在沙中的鱼

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‪回声定位是一种非同凡响的第六感…

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‪可以让海豚在最不可能的地方捕猎

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‪（北大西洋 南卡罗来纳州）

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‪（水温26摄氏度）

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‪在一个泥石河口

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‪潮水正在褪去

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‪这种时候

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‪游向内陆可能是一项危险的举动

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‪但这只海豚知道河口里挤满了鱼

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‪利用回声定位

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‪它可以在泥水中导航

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‪找到猎物

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‪唯一的问题是

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‪退潮时它们都藏在牡蛎层中

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‪硬冲进去会刮坏它敏感的皮肤

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‪它需要想办法

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‪把鱼赶到空旷的水域

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‪通过抽动尾巴

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‪它把鱼群从藏身之处冲了出来

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‪让它们游向可以发动攻击的河床沙地

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‪只有少数海豚学会了这样捕猎

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‪在一天之中只有几个小时

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‪可以使用这种捕食技巧

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‪等涨潮之时

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‪鱼群便各奔东西了

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‪这时就需要一个新的打法

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‪它加入了朋友们的队伍

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‪它们一起游向更宽的河道

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‪然后…

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‪静静守在那里

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‪每次有鱼群经过时

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‪海豚们便发动攻击

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‪形成的弓形波会把鱼群拍上岸

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‪通过声波定位和协作

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‪它们从泥潭中变出一顿大餐

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‪在茫茫大海中 海豚需要将
‪自己的超级感官发挥到极致

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‪（北大西洋 加那利群岛）

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‪（水温21摄氏度）

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‪深海捕食的高难度

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‪塑造出了最不同凡响的一种海豚

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‪领航鲸的样子或许很奇特

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‪但它们球根状的额头
‪却藏有成功的秘诀

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‪它们可以发射远程超声波束

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‪距离可达数百米

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‪这是所有海豚中
‪最强大的回声定位技能

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‪这使得领航鲸
‪可在接近一公里远的地方

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‪捕捉到乌贼群的踪迹

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‪幼崽无法憋那么久气
‪所以跟不上大部队

207
00:24:37,517 --> 00:24:40,645
‪于是一家人轮流

208
00:24:40,729 --> 00:24:42,689
‪在海面附近照顾它们

209
00:24:45,942 --> 00:24:48,653
‪这位祖母已经50多岁

210
00:24:49,988 --> 00:24:53,325
‪但它仍能产奶 哺育幼崽

211
00:25:02,417 --> 00:25:05,879
‪这些海豚的寿命可达70岁

212
00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,174
‪它们一生都与家人相伴

213
00:25:10,050 --> 00:25:13,178
‪可以算得上是所有动物中最长久

214
00:25:13,261 --> 00:25:15,013
‪最忠实的关系了

215
00:25:22,437 --> 00:25:24,606
‪当捕食队伍开始上浮时

216
00:25:24,689 --> 00:25:26,691
‪可以很明显看出它们收获满满

217
00:25:32,781 --> 00:25:34,366
‪是时候去下一个地方了

218
00:25:35,742 --> 00:25:38,870
‪祖母的脑子里有一张
‪它们海洋家园的地图

219
00:25:39,996 --> 00:25:43,792
‪它会倾听海浪拍到岛上

220
00:25:43,875 --> 00:25:46,545
‪以及洋流冲刷河海交界处的声音

221
00:25:49,548 --> 00:25:52,342
‪声学地标将路线展现出来

222
00:25:59,349 --> 00:26:00,433
‪但有时

223
00:26:01,810 --> 00:26:04,312
‪就连这些优秀的领航者也会迷失方向

224
00:26:09,776 --> 00:26:10,819
‪每一年

225
00:26:11,653 --> 00:26:15,282
‪全世界都有数百只海豚搁浅在沙滩上

226
00:26:16,241 --> 00:26:18,785
‪领航鲸是最常见的

227
00:26:20,954 --> 00:26:23,915
‪只需要一、两只偏离航道…

228
00:26:26,001 --> 00:26:29,546
‪而家庭成员认为自己有必要
‪伴随它们继续游下去

229
00:26:33,133 --> 00:26:36,261
‪有时它们呼救的叫声
‪又会导致另外数百只搁浅

230
00:26:44,436 --> 00:26:46,354
‪自然灾害

231
00:26:46,438 --> 00:26:48,815
‪噪音污染 健康问题

232
00:26:48,898 --> 00:26:50,650
‪都难辞其咎

233
00:26:53,570 --> 00:26:57,198
‪但这些事件的确切原因还不清楚

234
00:27:04,623 --> 00:27:08,126
‪人们尽全力帮助搁浅的鲸鱼维持生命

235
00:27:08,209 --> 00:27:10,920
‪努力协助它们回到海洋中

236
00:27:20,430 --> 00:27:23,975
‪人类与海豚的连接可以说是根深蒂固

237
00:27:25,685 --> 00:27:30,106
‪我们在其他一些动物身上
‪也发现了和人类一样追求刺激的一面

238
00:27:31,232 --> 00:27:33,151
‪我们在感觉跟死亡

239
00:27:33,234 --> 00:27:35,820
‪擦肩而过的行为中表达自己

240
00:27:41,034 --> 00:27:43,828
‪但所有这些举动貌似都带有目的性

241
00:27:46,289 --> 00:27:48,667
‪这种行为会让身体分泌出

242
00:27:48,750 --> 00:27:51,920
‪让人觉得自信又开心的荷尔蒙

243
00:27:53,630 --> 00:27:56,883
‪与同伴一起玩耍会让这种感觉加剧

244
00:27:59,052 --> 00:28:03,014
‪这样会鼓励团队合作以及和朋友相处

245
00:28:17,070 --> 00:28:20,365
‪这或许就是海豚需要同伴的原因

246
00:28:34,754 --> 00:28:36,464
‪和自己的同类嬉戏玩耍

247
00:28:41,720 --> 00:28:42,679
‪和人类嬉戏玩耍

248
00:28:46,558 --> 00:28:48,560
‪还与其他动物一起玩耍

249
00:29:15,336 --> 00:29:18,256
‪海豚的友好天性世人皆知

250
00:29:20,425 --> 00:29:22,844
‪但它们也有比较阴暗的一面

251
00:29:25,180 --> 00:29:27,098
‪（南大西洋 巴塔哥尼亚）

252
00:29:27,182 --> 00:29:29,434
‪（水温12摄氏度）

253
00:29:36,608 --> 00:29:39,944
‪当海洋中顶级掠食者开始捕食的时候

254
00:29:40,028 --> 00:29:42,071
‪没有谁是安全的

255
00:30:01,591 --> 00:30:04,177
‪南露脊鲸

256
00:30:06,304 --> 00:30:08,681
‪重达80吨

257
00:30:10,058 --> 00:30:12,852
‪比虎鲸重10倍

258
00:30:21,319 --> 00:30:23,196
‪但集体捕猎的虎鲸

259
00:30:24,072 --> 00:30:26,741
‪几乎所向无敌

260
00:30:32,038 --> 00:30:34,457
‪南露脊鲸游到了浅海区

261
00:30:34,541 --> 00:30:36,543
‪以躲避来自下方的攻击

262
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:43,758
‪但虎鲸从不轻易放弃

263
00:30:48,012 --> 00:30:49,848
‪它们轮流作战

264
00:30:49,931 --> 00:30:52,851
‪对鲸鱼的侧翼进行重击

265
00:30:52,934 --> 00:30:54,644
‪专门挑会造成疼痛的地方下手

266
00:31:05,029 --> 00:31:07,073
‪鲸鱼也会反击

267
00:31:35,018 --> 00:31:39,147
‪但只有当搏斗的喧嚣
‪将更多南露脊鲸吸引过来时

268
00:31:40,690 --> 00:31:43,693
‪虎鲸才会撤退

269
00:31:50,533 --> 00:31:53,286
‪虎鲸挑战如此大型猎物的能力

270
00:31:53,369 --> 00:31:55,788
‪为它们赢得了一个称号：“鲸鱼杀手”

271
00:31:56,623 --> 00:31:57,457
‪或者

272
00:31:58,166 --> 00:31:59,375
‪“杀人鲸”

273
00:32:02,879 --> 00:32:05,298
‪海豚不只是无情的猎手

274
00:32:06,591 --> 00:32:10,178
‪意外的是 它们也会将暴力的矛头
‪指向自己人

275
00:32:13,681 --> 00:32:15,642
‪（北太平洋 巴哈马群岛）

276
00:32:15,725 --> 00:32:18,686
‪（水温26摄氏度）

277
00:32:24,359 --> 00:32:26,110
‪到了六岁

278
00:32:26,194 --> 00:32:28,154
‪这头小斑点海豚

279
00:32:28,237 --> 00:32:31,366
‪终于长出了它独具特色的斑点

280
00:32:37,330 --> 00:32:39,207
‪它和妈妈待在一起的时间变少

281
00:32:41,042 --> 00:32:44,253
‪和朋友相处的时间变多了

282
00:32:48,841 --> 00:32:52,512
‪在幼年时期 建立友情至关重要

283
00:33:02,730 --> 00:33:06,567
‪除去人类之外
‪海豚之间所建立的感情

284
00:33:06,651 --> 00:33:09,821
‪比世上任何一种动物
‪都更加广泛和深厚

285
00:33:14,951 --> 00:33:18,162
‪在它变得越来越成熟时
‪生活也变得越来越复杂

286
00:33:22,083 --> 00:33:24,585
‪它会需要尽可能多的朋友

287
00:33:36,723 --> 00:33:40,309
‪澳大利亚西部的宽吻海豚群体

288
00:33:40,393 --> 00:33:45,314
‪被认为是最复杂的海豚社会

289
00:33:48,276 --> 00:33:50,945
‪有两千头海豚生活在这个海湾

290
00:33:55,658 --> 00:33:57,535
‪（印度洋 鲨鱼湾）

291
00:33:57,618 --> 00:34:00,538
‪（水温21摄氏度）

292
00:34:02,081 --> 00:34:04,208
‪在繁殖期

293
00:34:04,292 --> 00:34:07,670
‪“人脉”成为重中之重

294
00:34:09,714 --> 00:34:11,632
‪拉帮结派的雄性海豚

295
00:34:11,716 --> 00:34:13,968
‪更有机会获得雌性的青睐

296
00:34:28,316 --> 00:34:31,194
‪这帮三剑客在海湾东边游荡

297
00:34:37,492 --> 00:34:41,496
‪它们已经是20年的铁哥们了

298
00:34:44,791 --> 00:34:49,253
‪一致的游泳动作
‪就能说明它们关系有多铁

299
00:34:51,714 --> 00:34:55,802
‪精心编排过的动作能够打动异性

300
00:35:02,892 --> 00:35:04,852
‪来个交叉动作

301
00:35:07,230 --> 00:35:08,481
‪蝶泳特技

302
00:35:12,068 --> 00:35:13,861
‪触尾二重奏

303
00:35:16,114 --> 00:35:17,949
‪同步下潜

304
00:35:20,118 --> 00:35:21,494
‪双豚跃水

305
00:35:22,954 --> 00:35:24,539
‪探戈舞动

306
00:35:25,206 --> 00:35:29,001
‪以及反向叠罗汉

307
00:35:32,213 --> 00:35:34,173
‪动作越顺滑

308
00:35:34,257 --> 00:35:35,967
‪它们看起来就越有吸引力

309
00:35:41,514 --> 00:35:42,765
‪就算如此

310
00:35:42,849 --> 00:35:45,518
‪也要花上好几天
‪才能赢得雌海豚的芳心

311
00:35:51,649 --> 00:35:54,360
‪而现在它们有了竞争对手

312
00:35:56,487 --> 00:35:57,864
‪在西边

313
00:35:57,947 --> 00:36:00,074
‪正在形成一支敌对帮派

314
00:36:03,369 --> 00:36:06,080
‪东边的三剑客需要支援

315
00:36:08,958 --> 00:36:11,752
‪所以它们就在更广泛的朋友圈中
‪寻求帮助

316
00:36:31,397 --> 00:36:33,191
‪比较弱势的一方通常会撤退

317
00:36:35,568 --> 00:36:37,945
‪但是当两边势均力敌时

318
00:36:39,322 --> 00:36:41,782
‪就有可能伤亡惨重

319
00:37:30,039 --> 00:37:31,332
‪一个小时之后

320
00:37:32,124 --> 00:37:33,417
‪一切都结束了

321
00:37:38,297 --> 00:37:41,550
‪通过强劲的联盟和紧密的团队协作

322
00:37:41,634 --> 00:37:44,178
‪东边的海豚帮取得了胜利

323
00:37:44,887 --> 00:37:48,641
‪赢得了当上父亲 繁衍下一代的机会

324
00:37:52,770 --> 00:37:54,897
‪才智与合作

325
00:37:54,981 --> 00:37:58,526
‪让海豚得以在海洋中左右自己的人生

326
00:38:01,362 --> 00:38:03,781
‪但是它们的家园变化很快

327
00:38:08,577 --> 00:38:12,248
‪就算这些适应性很强的动物
‪也难以忍受

328
00:38:18,587 --> 00:38:20,798
‪我们的海洋变得更吵

329
00:38:22,800 --> 00:38:23,801
‪更暖

330
00:38:25,469 --> 00:38:26,804
‪污染更严重

331
00:38:34,270 --> 00:38:35,896
‪很多海豚

332
00:38:35,980 --> 00:38:39,108
‪不再玩海草 而是玩起塑料袋

333
00:38:49,618 --> 00:38:53,914
‪每年都会有超过10万只海洋哺乳动物

334
00:38:53,998 --> 00:38:55,416
‪因为吞食垃圾而死亡

335
00:38:56,334 --> 00:38:58,586
‪而化学污染

336
00:38:58,669 --> 00:39:01,213
‪已经威胁到了它们的生育能力

337
00:39:04,717 --> 00:39:09,180
‪但工业化捕捞是海豚所面临的
‪最大问题

338
00:39:11,974 --> 00:39:14,393
‪迅速汲取它们赖以生存的食物

339
00:39:15,019 --> 00:39:17,772
‪每年会导致数十万海豚

340
00:39:17,855 --> 00:39:19,190
‪溺水而死

341
00:39:28,282 --> 00:39:31,369
‪但是 即便我们做出了很小的改变

342
00:39:31,452 --> 00:39:33,704
‪都可以引起巨大的不同

343
00:39:35,414 --> 00:39:37,416
‪（北大西洋 南卡罗来纳州）

344
00:39:37,500 --> 00:39:40,169
‪（水温17摄氏度）

345
00:39:47,385 --> 00:39:49,387
‪渔夫捞虾时

346
00:39:52,056 --> 00:39:54,558
‪捕捞网会罩住其他动物

347
00:39:57,061 --> 00:40:00,564
‪但这些渔夫们如今在网上安装了
‪一种特殊的开口

348
00:40:00,648 --> 00:40:02,858
‪让大型动物可以逃离

349
00:40:06,153 --> 00:40:09,365
‪当地的宽吻海豚学会了
‪如何寻找那些开口

350
00:40:10,825 --> 00:40:14,745
‪利用那些出口的洞弄鱼吃

351
00:40:31,429 --> 00:40:34,598
‪进入死亡陷阱很有可能会有去无回

352
00:40:38,769 --> 00:40:41,689
‪但这些饥饿的海豚乐意去冒险

353
00:40:56,495 --> 00:40:58,414
‪渔民也会惯着它们

354
00:41:01,208 --> 00:41:03,085
‪反正他们也不会损失什么货

355
00:41:08,466 --> 00:41:11,218
‪关于海豚的知识
‪我们仍有很多需要去了解

356
00:41:12,011 --> 00:41:15,389
‪虽然有些物种已经濒临灭绝

357
00:41:17,057 --> 00:41:20,311
‪但我们仍在发现新的物种

358
00:41:21,437 --> 00:41:23,397
‪（托坎廷斯河 莫卡茹巴）

359
00:41:23,481 --> 00:41:25,566
‪（水温28摄氏度）

360
00:41:26,650 --> 00:41:31,280
‪长久以来 人们都认为
‪世界上只有五种淡水豚

361
00:41:31,989 --> 00:41:35,242
‪现在生物学家相信他们发现了第六种

362
00:41:37,328 --> 00:41:40,789
‪据估计 世上仅存大约一千只

363
00:41:40,873 --> 00:41:42,500
‪阿拉瓜亚淡水豚

364
00:41:46,253 --> 00:41:48,005
‪但每一天

365
00:41:48,088 --> 00:41:50,341
‪在巴西的这个小镇中

366
00:41:50,424 --> 00:41:52,760
‪都有一小群会出来玩

367
00:41:54,887 --> 00:41:58,432
‪当地的儿童已经等得不耐烦了

368
00:42:03,687 --> 00:42:06,023
‪他们和这些神奇动物的亲密关系

369
00:42:06,106 --> 00:42:08,108
‪很容易让人理解

370
00:42:12,696 --> 00:42:16,992
‪人类与海豚可能生活习性大不相同

371
00:42:19,495 --> 00:42:22,998
‪但我们的天性中却有很多相通的东西

372
00:42:30,089 --> 00:42:32,800
‪这是一种值得世世代代珍惜的

373
00:42:33,676 --> 00:42:36,053
‪深层联系

374
00:43:31,358 --> 00:43:33,235
‪字幕翻译：七月