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‪NETFLIX 紀錄片系列

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‪海豚科有種神奇的魔力

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‪牠們看似非常和善

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‪卻又超凡脫俗

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‪牠們顯然聰明伶俐

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‪動作靈敏

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‪但海豚科還有許多特性
‪等待我們發掘

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‪如今我們有辦法沉浸在牠們的世界

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‪我們發現海豚科是非常奧妙的動物

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‪我們越深入探索

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‪越是發現，牠們與人類很相似

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‪劇名：海豚科

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‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

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‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪花斑原海豚出生時，連呼吸都有困難

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‪牠們出生後

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‪必須學習許多海洋生存的技能

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‪幸好牠有一個導師

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‪媽媽

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‪以及一大群家人與朋友

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‪他們會幫忙教牠

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‪如何尋找食物

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‪以及避免危險

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‪但海豚科的社會很複雜

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‪最大的挑戰

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‪就是學習融入

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‪這片溫暖的淺水

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‪還有另一種海豚居住於此

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‪寬吻海豚

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‪這裡看起來
‪是養育新生海豚的絕佳地點

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‪但即便在這裡

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‪生活也不容易

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‪有人在跟蹤牠們

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‪一群雄海豚

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‪在找交配對象

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‪牠們可能攻擊寶寶，以便接近媽媽

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‪更多海豚加入追逐的行列

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‪媽媽盡全力保護海豚寶寶

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‪最後

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‪媽媽擊退了牠們

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‪寶寶卻不見了

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‪形單影隻

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‪牠很難以生存

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‪終於找到媽媽

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‪以及盟友了

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‪小海豚對這個世界更瞭解了一點

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‪但海豚的人生課題才正要展開

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‪海豚科跟人類一樣
‪是呼吸空氣的哺乳類動物

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‪牠們的祖先曾在陸地上生活

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‪可是五千萬年前

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‪牠們做了一件不可思議的事

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‪離開陸地

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‪進入水裡生活

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‪海豚科的一個分支

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‪演化成巨大的濾食鬚鯨…

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‪牠們則變成流線型

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‪思維敏捷的掠食者

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‪如今，有超過40種海豚
‪在世界各地的海洋捕食

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‪從熱帶水域

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‪到極地海洋

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‪甚至是內陸幾千公里的河流

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‪只要有獵物

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‪就有海豚利用聰明的方法獵食

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‪虎鯨是海豚科體型最大的成員

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‪身長可達九公尺

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‪體重可達6350公斤

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‪虎鯨一天要獵捕超過45公斤的食物

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‪這在極地的冬天可不容易

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‪除非你知道要上哪找

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‪（克瓦爾島，挪威海）

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‪（水溫攝氏6度）

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‪在最冷的幾個月

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‪牠們最愛的獵物
‪棲息在受保護的峽灣

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‪鯡魚

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‪成千上萬

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‪要追蹤鯡魚確切的位置

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‪可不簡單

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‪要抓到牠們就更難了

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‪經驗豐富的雌虎鯨

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‪帶領一隊虎鯨
‪將目標鎖定在一大群鯡魚上

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‪鯡魚只要維持隊形

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‪就難以鎖定對象

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‪但虎鯨有個計畫

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‪透過脈動的呼叫

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‪露出白色的腹部

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‪牠們將鯡魚趕到淺水區

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‪魚群受到驚嚇，隊伍變得更加緊密

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‪直到最後

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‪虎鯨終於可以進攻

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‪拍打牠們的尾葉
‪可以產生強大的壓力波

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‪一連串的致命攻擊

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‪把魚擊昏之後

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‪虎鯨就能悠哉地大快朵頤

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‪海豚科以團體合作的方式

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‪提高狩獵成功的機會

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‪在開闊的海洋裡

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‪牠們大規模地集體行動

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‪成群結隊的長吻飛旋海豚

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‪超過一千隻的超級團隊

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‪這支狩獵隊伍非常有效率

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‪可以經常休息，不必外出獵食

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‪（費爾南多迪諾羅尼亞群島
‪南大西洋）

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‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪巴西以東320公里

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‪這個群島是大西洋長吻飛旋海豚

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‪最愛的中途休憩站

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‪牠們來到島嶼的淺水灣

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‪首批抵達的海豚興高采烈

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‪海豚界的奧運體操選手

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‪牠們能跳三公尺高

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‪旋轉七圈

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‪看起來很好玩

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‪但這可能不只是雜技表演

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‪牠們可能是在傳達訊息

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‪歡迎其他海豚進入海灣

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‪人多勢眾

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‪長吻飛旋海豚得以好好放鬆

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‪但不能完全睡著

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‪否則會溺死

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‪所以牠們一次只讓一邊的大腦休息

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‪一隻眼睛看著眼前的方向

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‪以一半的速度半睡半游

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‪年長的海豚休息

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‪小海豚則在一旁玩耍

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‪玩丟海草的遊戲

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‪這看似簡單的遊戲

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‪背後其實是出乎意料地複雜

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‪牠們必須操縱物體

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‪模仿動作，最重要的是

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‪了解彼此

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‪小海豚在成長的過程

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‪都得精通這項技能

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‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

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‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪一歲大的時候

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‪花斑原海豚幾乎已經能夠溝通了

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‪許多事情能透過
‪肢體語言與觸碰來傳達

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‪摩擦鰭可以讓人安心

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‪就像握手一樣

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‪但有些話只能用聲音傳達

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‪牠的媽媽重複一個特別的叫聲

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‪牠的招牌叫聲

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‪這能幫助孩子在群體中找到媽媽

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‪一旦牠學會模仿

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‪就能叫出媽媽的名字

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‪現在該嘗試發出自己的叫聲了

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‪跟人類的小孩一樣

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‪海豚也要幾年的時間才能學會說話

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‪一旦牠們開始講話

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‪話匣子就關不起來了

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‪但海豚的聲波能力
‪遠遠不僅是傳達語言

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‪當地的寬吻海豚在海底尋找食物

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‪這裡好像沒什麼食物

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‪但牠們看得見我們看不見的東西

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‪牠們會發出一連串高音頻的喀嗒聲

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‪每秒五百個

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‪然後解讀回聲

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‪找出躲在沙裡的魚

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‪回聲定位是一種非凡的第六感

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‪讓海豚得以在各種奇特的地方獵食

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‪（南卡羅萊納，北大西洋）

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‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪泥濘的河口

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‪潮水正在消退

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‪此時

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‪游向內陸可能很危險

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‪但這隻海豚知道河口有很多魚

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‪透過回聲定位

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‪牠能在混有淤泥的水域移動

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‪找到獵物

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‪唯一的問題是

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‪退潮時，獵物都躲在牡蠣繁殖地

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‪撲向這個地方會撕裂牠敏感的皮膚

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‪牠得想辦法

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‪把魚群引到外面來

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‪牠拍打尾鰭

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‪把魚隻趕出藏身處

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‪引到沙岸，牠才能安全進攻

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‪只有少數的海豚學會這樣獵食

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‪這個方法

181
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‪每天只能運用幾個小時

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‪等潮水開始上漲

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‪魚群就散開了

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‪牠需要新的策略

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‪牠跟朋友攜手合作

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‪一起游向更寬的河道

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‪然後

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‪靜靜等候

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‪每當魚群經過

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‪海豚就出手攻擊

191
00:22:33,769 --> 00:22:37,064
‪產生弓形波，將魚群沖上沙岸

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00:22:54,581 --> 00:22:58,335
‪透過回聲定位與協調合作

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‪牠們在泥濘變出一場饗宴

194
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‪在蔚藍大海裡
‪海豚得將超強的感官運用到極致

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‪（加納利群島，北大西洋）

196
00:23:14,935 --> 00:23:16,061
‪（水溫攝氏21度）

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‪在深淵獵食的挑戰

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‪創造出一種極其特殊的海豚科動物

199
00:23:48,468 --> 00:23:51,054
‪領航鯨的外型也許很奇特

200
00:23:51,763 --> 00:23:55,892
‪但牠們圓狀的前額是牠們成功的祕密

201
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‪牠們能發射遠程聲束

202
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‪長達數百公尺

203
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‪這是海豚科動物中最強的回聲定位

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‪領航鯨因此能夠捕捉

205
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‪超過八百公尺以下的槍烏賊群

206
00:24:29,426 --> 00:24:33,138
‪但小領航鯨的氣息不足，無法跟上

207
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‪所以家人輪流在水面

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00:24:40,729 --> 00:24:42,689
‪照顧小領航鯨

209
00:24:45,901 --> 00:24:48,653
‪奶奶已經50多歲了

210
00:24:49,988 --> 00:24:53,658
‪但仍繼續分泌乳汁餵養小朋友

211
00:25:02,417 --> 00:25:05,879
‪這些海豚科動物可活到70歲

212
00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,174
‪一輩子都跟家人在一起

213
00:25:10,008 --> 00:25:12,344
‪可能是所有動物裡

214
00:25:12,427 --> 00:25:15,013
‪最長久、最忠誠的關係

215
00:25:22,395 --> 00:25:24,606
‪負責狩獵的領航鯨浮出水面時

216
00:25:24,689 --> 00:25:26,691
‪顯然是有收穫了

217
00:25:32,739 --> 00:25:34,366
‪該離開了

218
00:25:35,659 --> 00:25:38,912
‪奶奶腦海印有海洋之家的地圖

219
00:25:39,913 --> 00:25:43,792
‪牠聽著海浪撞擊島嶼的聲音

220
00:25:43,875 --> 00:25:46,545
‪與水流沖刷海口的聲音

221
00:25:49,548 --> 00:25:52,342
‪用這些聲音地標找出路線

222
00:25:59,349 --> 00:26:00,433
‪但有時候

223
00:26:01,810 --> 00:26:04,604
‪即便是一流的航海動物
‪也會迷失方向

224
00:26:09,776 --> 00:26:10,819
‪每年

225
00:26:11,570 --> 00:26:15,282
‪有上百隻海豚科動物
‪擱淺在世界各地的海灘

226
00:26:16,241 --> 00:26:18,785
‪尤以領航鯨最常見

227
00:26:20,912 --> 00:26:23,915
‪只要一兩隻偏離方向

228
00:26:26,001 --> 00:26:29,546
‪家人就覺得必須跟到牠們身邊

229
00:26:33,133 --> 00:26:36,469
‪有時牠們的求救呼號引來更多同伴

230
00:26:44,436 --> 00:26:46,354
‪自然災難

231
00:26:46,438 --> 00:26:48,773
‪噪音污染與健康問題

232
00:26:48,857 --> 00:26:50,650
‪似乎都是其中的因素

233
00:26:53,570 --> 00:26:57,198
‪但我們對於觸發這些情況的原因
‪知之甚少

234
00:27:04,581 --> 00:27:08,126
‪人類盡力保護受困的鯨魚

235
00:27:08,209 --> 00:27:10,920
‪幫助牠們回到海洋

236
00:27:20,430 --> 00:27:23,975
‪人類與海豚科動物的連結很深

237
00:27:25,644 --> 00:27:30,106
‪我們是少數喜愛尋求刺激的動物

238
00:27:31,191 --> 00:27:33,151
‪我們表達自己的方式

239
00:27:33,234 --> 00:27:35,820
‪可能會造成生命危險

240
00:27:41,034 --> 00:27:43,828
‪但這樣的冒險似乎有其目的

241
00:27:46,289 --> 00:27:48,667
‪這能產生大量的激素

242
00:27:48,750 --> 00:27:51,920
‪創造自信與快樂的感覺

243
00:27:53,630 --> 00:27:56,883
‪一起玩耍能增強這些情緒

244
00:27:59,052 --> 00:28:03,014
‪促進團隊合作
‪增加與同伴相處的時間

245
00:28:17,070 --> 00:28:20,365
‪也許這就是海豚科尋求同伴的原因

246
00:28:34,754 --> 00:28:36,464
‪跟同類玩耍

247
00:28:41,720 --> 00:28:42,679
‪跟人類玩耍

248
00:28:46,558 --> 00:28:48,560
‪還有跟其他動物玩耍

249
00:29:15,336 --> 00:29:18,256
‪海豚科動物以友善著稱

250
00:29:20,425 --> 00:29:22,844
‪但也有比較黑暗的一面

251
00:29:25,180 --> 00:29:27,474
‪（巴塔哥尼亞，南大西洋）

252
00:29:27,557 --> 00:29:29,434
‪（水溫攝氏12度）

253
00:29:36,608 --> 00:29:39,944
‪海洋的頂級掠食者外出獵食的時候

254
00:29:40,028 --> 00:29:42,280
‪所有的動物都有危險

255
00:30:01,549 --> 00:30:04,177
‪這是南露脊鯨

256
00:30:06,262 --> 00:30:08,681
‪重達7萬2500公斤

257
00:30:10,058 --> 00:30:12,852
‪是虎鯨的十倍重

258
00:30:21,319 --> 00:30:23,196
‪但團隊合作時

259
00:30:24,072 --> 00:30:26,741
‪虎鯨幾乎所向無敵

260
00:30:32,038 --> 00:30:34,457
‪露脊鯨游向淺水區

261
00:30:34,541 --> 00:30:36,709
‪避免由下而來的攻擊

262
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:43,758
‪但虎鯨不會輕易放棄

263
00:30:48,012 --> 00:30:49,848
‪牠們輪流

264
00:30:49,931 --> 00:30:52,851
‪撞擊露脊鯨的側腹

265
00:30:52,934 --> 00:30:54,644
‪攻擊牠們的痛處

266
00:31:05,029 --> 00:31:07,073
‪露脊鯨反擊

267
00:31:35,018 --> 00:31:39,480
‪但要等鬥爭的聲音
‪吸引更多露脊鯨前來之後

268
00:31:40,690 --> 00:31:43,693
‪虎鯨才終於放棄

269
00:31:50,533 --> 00:31:53,286
‪虎鯨能捕食這麼大的獵物

270
00:31:53,369 --> 00:31:55,788
‪因此有“鯨魚殺手”的綽號

271
00:31:56,539 --> 00:31:57,457
‪或是

272
00:31:58,124 --> 00:31:59,375
‪“殺人鯨”

273
00:32:02,879 --> 00:32:05,298
‪海豚科動物不只是無情的獵食者

274
00:32:06,591 --> 00:32:10,178
‪對彼此的攻擊性也很驚人

275
00:32:13,681 --> 00:32:15,767
‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

276
00:32:15,850 --> 00:32:18,686
‪（水溫攝氏26度）

277
00:32:24,317 --> 00:32:26,110
‪到了六歲

278
00:32:26,194 --> 00:32:28,154
‪這隻小花斑原海豚

279
00:32:28,237 --> 00:32:31,366
‪終於長出自己專屬的斑點

280
00:32:37,330 --> 00:32:39,207
‪牠比較少跟媽媽在一起

281
00:32:41,042 --> 00:32:44,253
‪把較多的時間花在跟同伴相處

282
00:32:48,841 --> 00:32:52,512
‪牠們必須在幼年建立盟友關係

283
00:33:02,730 --> 00:33:04,357
‪除了人類之外

284
00:33:04,440 --> 00:33:09,946
‪海豚科動物所建立的人際關係
‪數量最多，也最親密

285
00:33:14,909 --> 00:33:18,162
‪隨著年紀增長
‪牠的生活會變得更複雜

286
00:33:22,083 --> 00:33:24,585
‪朋友絕對是越多越好

287
00:33:36,723 --> 00:33:40,309
‪西澳洲的寬吻海豚社群

288
00:33:40,393 --> 00:33:45,314
‪堪稱是最複雜的海豚科社群

289
00:33:48,276 --> 00:33:50,945
‪有兩千隻寬吻海豚居住於此

290
00:33:55,658 --> 00:33:57,618
‪（鯊魚灣，印度洋）

291
00:33:57,702 --> 00:34:00,538
‪（水溫攝氏21度）

292
00:34:02,081 --> 00:34:04,208
‪在繁殖季節

293
00:34:04,292 --> 00:34:07,670
‪有良好的人際關係非常重要

294
00:34:09,672 --> 00:34:11,632
‪能夠組織合作的雄性動物

295
00:34:11,716 --> 00:34:13,968
‪比較有機會交配成功

296
00:34:28,274 --> 00:34:31,194
‪這三隻在海灣東側閒晃

297
00:34:37,492 --> 00:34:41,496
‪牠們是20年的好朋友

298
00:34:44,791 --> 00:34:49,253
‪牠們的動作一致
‪顯示出彼此緊密的關係

299
00:34:51,714 --> 00:34:55,802
‪精心設計的動作也有助於吸引異性

300
00:35:02,892 --> 00:35:04,852
‪這是交叉動作

301
00:35:07,230 --> 00:35:08,481
‪蝶式

302
00:35:12,068 --> 00:35:13,861
‪兩隻尾巴碰觸

303
00:35:16,114 --> 00:35:17,949
‪同步跳水

304
00:35:20,118 --> 00:35:21,494
‪雙重跳躍

305
00:35:22,954 --> 00:35:24,539
‪探戈動作

306
00:35:25,206 --> 00:35:29,001
‪還有顛倒昂首挺胸

307
00:35:32,213 --> 00:35:34,132
‪動作越俐落

308
00:35:34,215 --> 00:35:35,967
‪就越有吸引力

309
00:35:41,514 --> 00:35:42,765
‪即便如此

310
00:35:42,849 --> 00:35:45,518
‪通常也要好幾天才能打動異性

311
00:35:51,649 --> 00:35:54,360
‪現在，競爭者出現了

312
00:35:56,487 --> 00:35:57,864
‪西邊

313
00:35:57,947 --> 00:36:00,074
‪競爭對手正在形成

314
00:36:03,369 --> 00:36:06,080
‪東邊這三隻需要後援

315
00:36:08,875 --> 00:36:11,752
‪所以牠們召集更多朋友

316
00:36:31,397 --> 00:36:33,191
‪較弱的一方通常會撤退

317
00:36:35,568 --> 00:36:37,945
‪但若雙方勢均力敵

318
00:36:39,322 --> 00:36:41,782
‪打鬥可能造成嚴重的傷害

319
00:37:30,039 --> 00:37:31,332
‪一個小時後

320
00:37:32,124 --> 00:37:33,417
‪對立結束了

321
00:37:38,214 --> 00:37:41,550
‪藉由對彼此的赤膽忠心與緊密合作

322
00:37:41,634 --> 00:37:44,178
‪東邊的朋友最終勝出

323
00:37:44,887 --> 00:37:48,641
‪獲得繁殖後代的機會

324
00:37:52,770 --> 00:37:54,897
‪透過智慧與合作

325
00:37:54,981 --> 00:37:58,526
‪海豚科動物得以在海洋生存

326
00:38:01,362 --> 00:38:03,781
‪但牠們的家園正在疾速改變

327
00:38:08,577 --> 00:38:12,248
‪就連這些適應能力很強的動物
‪也難以招架

328
00:38:18,587 --> 00:38:20,798
‪我們的海域噪音越來越多

329
00:38:22,758 --> 00:38:23,843
‪溫度越來越高

330
00:38:25,386 --> 00:38:26,804
‪污染越來越嚴重

331
00:38:34,270 --> 00:38:37,565
‪很多海豚現在玩的是塑膠袋

332
00:38:37,648 --> 00:38:39,108
‪不是海草

333
00:38:49,618 --> 00:38:53,581
‪每年有超過十萬隻海洋哺乳動物

334
00:38:53,664 --> 00:38:55,416
‪因吞食垃圾致死

335
00:38:56,334 --> 00:38:58,586
‪化學污染

336
00:38:58,669 --> 00:39:01,339
‪則威脅到牠們的繁殖能力

337
00:39:04,633 --> 00:39:09,764
‪但工業規模的捕撈魚隻
‪是海豚科動物面臨的最大問題

338
00:39:11,974 --> 00:39:14,393
‪這不僅迅速耗盡牠們重要的食物

339
00:39:15,019 --> 00:39:17,772
‪每年還有成千上萬隻動物

340
00:39:17,855 --> 00:39:19,190
‪因而溺死

341
00:39:28,199 --> 00:39:31,369
‪然而，即便是我們的一個小動作

342
00:39:31,452 --> 00:39:33,704
‪也能帶來巨大的改變

343
00:39:35,414 --> 00:39:37,625
‪（南卡羅萊納，北大西洋）

344
00:39:37,708 --> 00:39:40,169
‪（水溫攝氏17度）

345
00:39:47,385 --> 00:39:49,387
‪漁民捕蝦的時候

346
00:39:52,056 --> 00:39:54,558
‪同時會捕獲其他動物

347
00:39:57,019 --> 00:40:00,564
‪但現在這些漁民在漁網上開了破洞

348
00:40:00,648 --> 00:40:02,858
‪讓較大的動物得以脫逃

349
00:40:06,153 --> 00:40:09,365
‪而當地的寬吻海豚
‪學會了找尋這些破洞

350
00:40:10,825 --> 00:40:14,745
‪利用這些破洞來捕捉魚隻

351
00:40:31,429 --> 00:40:34,598
‪鑽進這些破洞其實很危險

352
00:40:38,769 --> 00:40:41,689
‪但這些飢餓的海豚願意冒險

353
00:40:56,495 --> 00:40:58,414
‪漁民也容忍牠們

354
00:41:01,208 --> 00:41:03,127
‪他們的漁獲並沒有損失

355
00:41:08,424 --> 00:41:11,218
‪海豚科動物
‪還有許多需要我們探索的事

356
00:41:12,011 --> 00:41:15,389
‪雖然有些物種瀕臨滅絕

357
00:41:17,057 --> 00:41:20,311
‪新的物種仍然持續出現

358
00:41:21,437 --> 00:41:23,397
‪（莫卡茹巴，托坎廷斯河）

359
00:41:23,481 --> 00:41:25,566
‪（水溫攝氏28度）

360
00:41:26,650 --> 00:41:31,280
‪多年來，我們都認為
‪世界上有五種河豚

361
00:41:31,989 --> 00:41:35,242
‪現在生物學家相信
‪他們找到了第六種

362
00:41:37,328 --> 00:41:42,708
‪阿拉瓜亞河豚
‪據說世界上只有一千隻左右

363
00:41:46,253 --> 00:41:47,963
‪可是每一天

364
00:41:48,047 --> 00:41:50,341
‪這座巴西小鎮

365
00:41:50,424 --> 00:41:52,885
‪都有幾隻阿拉瓜亞河豚出沒

366
00:41:54,887 --> 00:41:58,432
‪當地的孩子興奮不已

367
00:42:03,687 --> 00:42:06,565
‪小孩子喜歡這些神奇的動物

368
00:42:06,649 --> 00:42:08,108
‪原因不言而喻

369
00:42:12,696 --> 00:42:16,992
‪人類和海豚科動物
‪也許活在截然不同的世界

370
00:42:19,495 --> 00:42:22,998
‪但我們的天性有許多相同之處

371
00:42:30,089 --> 00:42:32,800
‪這層深厚的關係

372
00:42:33,634 --> 00:42:36,053
‪值得世代子孫珍惜愛護

373
00:43:31,358 --> 00:43:33,235
‪字幕翻譯：黃英哲